ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to identify the viral etiology of acute respiratory diseases in patients hospitalized to the infectious hospitals in Yakutsk. Methods: nasal and pharyngeal swabs were obtained from the examined patients. The presence of the genetic material of the respiratory viruses was determined by real-time PCR. Results: During the study, 178 patients admitted to the infectious hospitals in Yakutsk from November 2019 to April 2020 were selected according to the inclusion criteria. 99/178 (55.6%) samples were positive for at least one of the studied viruses, 79/178 (44.4%) samples were negative. Respiratory syncytial virus;rhinoviruses;metapneumovirus;parainfluenza viruses of types 1, 2, 3 and 4;coronaviruses NL-63, 229E, HKU-1 and OC-43;adenoviruses groups B, C and E;bokavirus, as well as influenza A and influenza B viruses were identified. The results of the study are necessary to improve and optimize diagnostic tactics, for control and prevention of respiratory viral infections.
ABSTRACT
The article describes a clinical case of a severe course of a novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in a woman with comorbid pathology from the practice of the infection department of the Yakutsk Republican Clinical Hospital (YRCB). Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and arterial hypertension in an elderly woman were predictors of the severe course of a new coronavirus infection, which led to the development of ARDS and caused the death of this patient.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The implementation of the major federal projects in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation claims particular attention to the indicators of the quality of life and the state of population health in these regions. Health and demographic indicators can be one of the available tools for public health monitoring. AIM: To analyze the main trends of the health and demographic processes in the arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) over 20 year (2000–2020). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), YARMIATS for 2000–2020 were analyzed. An approximate 95% confidence interval was calculated over 20 years (2000–2019), the average population growth rate was estimated by a chain method for time series (data for 2020 year are presented separately due to the deformation of the pattern of demographic indicators due to the epidemic SARS-CoV-2). A linear regression analysis of IBM SPSS Statistics 26 was performed to assess the birth and mortality rate trends. RESULTS: From 2000–2020, the population of the Arctic region of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) decreased by 22% due to migration and high mortality rates. Deaths by external causes occupy approximately 20% of the structure of the all-cause mortality rate. Dynamically, the decrease in the number of infant mortalities was noticed due to the effective routing of preg-nant women and improvement of the maternity service in the region. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the medical and demographic indicators showed positive and negative trends in the Arctic regions’ public health of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The system of the healthcare organization in the regions is to be im-proved. Also, these regions, which possess all the features of the healthcare systems with low-density population territories, can become a model for the regional and federal projects approbated in the field of Arctic medicine. © Authors, 2022.
ABSTRACT
The data of state statistics on mortality of the able-bodied population in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the period from 1995 to 2020, as well as the structure of main causes of death in this category are analyzed. In the course of the work, the dynamics of changes in the structure of mortality among urban and rural residents with a gender division was studied, and the impact of a new coronavirus infection on the healthcare system in Yakutia was shown. It has been established that the mortality rate of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) of working age during the study period has significantly decreased, but the proportion of deaths in this group to the total number of deaths is still higher than the national indicators. It is also shown that the mortality rate of men is 3.6 times higher than that of women. Since 2011, mortality in rural areas has significantly exceeded that in the urban environment, especially among the female population, which is largely determined by a decrease in the number of beds.
ABSTRACT
Most subjects with the COVID-19 experience mild to moderate symptoms, but approximately 10% of cases suffer from severe course of disease. IL-6 inhibitors are actively used to neutralize and prevent the cytokine storm. Olokizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody belonging to the G4/Kappa immunoglobulin isotype that selectively binds to human IL-6 and effectively neutralizes it. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Artlegia (olokizumab) for the treatment of subjects with a disease caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus in a real-world clinical setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis included data of 610 subjects aged 55.0812.68 years who received olokizumab at a single dose of 160 mg/mL 0.4 mL subcutaneously as a preemptive anti-inflammatory therapy. The comparison group included 511 subjects aged 55.2311.23 years who received standard therapy without IL-6 inhibitors. Control Endpoints: 1. Positive clinical changes on Day 7. 2. Changes in the CRP levels on Days 1, 2, and 7. 3. Duration of oxygen therapy. 4. Number of days in hospital. 5. Number of adverse events. 6. Disease outcome. RESULTS: If a cytokine storm occurs, immune regulatory events will trigger the development of either a protective immune response or an exacerbated inflammatory response. The use of preemptive anti-inflammatory therapy has both a short-term and, most importantly, a long-term effect on the T and B parts of the immune process. These aspects definitely require further research and observation. CONCLUSION: The use of olokizumab to treat the new COVID-19 coronavirus disease has demonstrated a positive effect on clinical and laboratory parameters. Primarily, it affects the severity of clinical parameters by improving the general condition already on the first day of observation, and decreasing body temperature to normal values. The changes in the C-reactive protein levels show a significant effect of the IL-6 inhibitor on the systemic inflammatory response.